A GC detector is an essential component in gas chromatograph systems, playing a key role in the separation and analysis of complex mixtures. Learn how these detectors work and their importance in accurate chemical analysis.
Detail of GC Detector
Features
Display
4x sunlight visible LED arrays
Backlit 7” inch color resistive touch LCD screen (800 x 480)
Integrated embedded secure webserver (https)
Analogue Inputs
Up to 15x optional analogue inputs for load CTs, PT100 inputs or 4–20mA sensors
Digital Output
USB port (type B connector) for local connection to laptop computer for configuring the system
Wi-Fi (802.11b/g/n)
Serial output (RS-485)
1Gb Ethernet (RJ45) standard with fiber-optic options
GSM/GPRS or CDMA/LTE modem options
Digital Protocols
Modbus® as standard
DNP3 or IEC 61850 (Ed 1 or 2) options
Alarms
Alarm setting screens/scenarios, based on gas level, gas rate of change and moisture level, assignable to relays
6x standard and up to 18x dry contact relays (type C, SPDT), NO/NC, 10A at 250Vac resistive load, 10A at 30Vdc resistive
load Separate Service Alarm with own relay
ENVIRONMENT
Conditions
Operating ambient temperature :- -40°C to +55°C (-40°F to +131°F)
Operating ambient humidity :- 0-95% RH, non-condensing
Oil temperature at valve*** :- -20°C to +120°C (-4°F to +248°F)
Oil pressure at valve :- 0-700KPa (0-100psi)
***Based on testing carried out using VOLTESSO™ 35 mineral oil, over a ¼” pipe run of 10 metres or less from oil supply or
return valve to monitor connection point and on transformer oil supply valve volumes of 200ml or less. For oil temperatures
colder than -20ºC, GE recommends the use of heat trace cabling on piping.
Enclosure
IP56 certified
Powder coated aluminium (RAL9002)
Unpainted 316 Stainless Steel option
Power Requirements
AC :-Nominal 100-240 Vac, Range 85-264 Vac, 4A
DC :- Nominal 100-250 Vdc, Range 90-300 Vdc
The analysis of dissolved gases in insulating fluids through Gas Chromatography (GC) detectors, commonly known as Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA), plays a pivotal role in evaluating the condition of transformers and ensuring their optimal performance. This comprehensive guide delves into the significance of GC detectors in DGA, transformer maintenance, and the recent advancements in the field.
Introduction
Gas Chromatography (GC) detectors have become instrumental in the field of Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA), an essential technique used in transformer maintenance and the electrical power industry. This method allows for the evaluation of insulating fluids within transformers by analyzing the concentration of dissolved gases, enabling early detection of potential issues and preventing costly outages.
Importance of Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) in Transformer Maintenance
Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) is widely recognized as a crucial test for assessing the condition of transformers. It involves the detection and measurement of gases that are generated when the transformer’s insulating oil degrades due to electrical or thermal stress. By identifying the specific gases and their concentrations, experts can diagnose potential problems and take corrective actions to prevent transformer failure.
Transformation of DGA: From Off-line Testing to On-line Monitoring
In the past, DGA was primarily a laboratory-based analysis, with off-line manual sampling being conducted at predetermined intervals. However, as the global transformer infrastructure aged, the risk of rapid degradation, unplanned outages, and even catastrophic failures between off-line tests increased. To address these challenges, many asset owners transitioned to on-line DGA monitoring strategies aimed at enhancing network reliability.
The Role of GC Detectors in On-line DGA
GC detectors, which employ Gas Chromatography principles, are at the heart of on-line DGA monitoring systems. These detectors allow for real-time, continuous monitoring of dissolved gases in transformer insulating oil. By analyzing the gas concentrations, maintenance personnel can identify issues such as overheating, electrical faults, and insulation degradation. This proactive approach minimizes downtime and reduces the risk of costly transformer failures.
The Kelman DGA 900: Advancing On-line DGA Technology
In the early 2000s, GE introduced the Kelman™ range of analyzers, revolutionizing on-line multi-gas DGA. The latest addition to this line, the Kelman DGA 900, represents a significant step forward in on-line DGA and moisture analysis. This cutting-edge analyzer is designed to provide consumable-free, real-time multi-gas DGA with remarkable precision and repeatability. It relies on Photo-Acoustic Spectroscopy (PAS) measurement technology, which eliminates the need for frequent re-calibration and consumables, offering the reliability of a laboratory in an online setting.
Benefits of the Kelman DGA 900
The Kelman DGA 900 builds on over 40 years of global DGA vendor experience and incorporates valuable insights and enhancements from its predecessors. Some of the key benefits of this advanced on-line DGA system include:
- Enhanced Precision: The Kelman DGA 900 leverages Photo-Acoustic Spectroscopy (PAS) to deliver laboratory-level precision, ensuring accurate gas measurements.
- Consistency: The analyzer’s implementation of PAS technology offers repeatability without the need for frequent re-calibration.
- No Consumables: With no consumables required, the Kelman DGA 900 reduces operational costs and environmental impact.
- Improved User Experience: The analyzer is designed to provide a user-friendly interface, making on-line DGA monitoring more accessible and efficient.
- Increased Robustness: With advancements in design and technology, the Kelman DGA 900 offers robust performance even in challenging operational environments.
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Advantages of GC Detectors in Analytical Science
Gas Chromatography (GC) detectors are integral components in analytical science, playing a pivotal role in various industries such as chemistry, pharmaceuticals, environmental monitoring, and more. These detectors offer several key advantages that contribute to their widespread use and significance in analytical processes.
- High Sensitivity and Selectivity: GC detectors are renowned for their exceptional sensitivity and selectivity. They can detect trace amounts of compounds in complex mixtures, making them ideal for applications where precise quantification and identification of target analytes are crucial.
- Wide Range of Detection: GC detectors cover a wide range of analytes, from volatile organic compounds to semi-volatile and non-volatile substances. This versatility allows them to be employed in diverse fields, including environmental analysis, food and beverage testing, and forensic science.
- Rapid Analysis: GC detectors provide rapid and real-time analysis, enabling researchers and analysts to obtain results quickly. This speed is particularly advantageous in industries where time-sensitive decisions and processes are common.
- Quantitative Analysis: GC detectors are exceptional in quantitative analysis, as they offer the capability to determine the concentration of specific compounds accurately. This is vital in applications like drug development and quality control in manufacturing.
- Reproducibility: The results obtained from GC detectors are highly reproducible, which is crucial for quality control and research. Researchers can rely on the consistency of data generated by these detectors.
- Reduced Sample Volume: GC detectors require relatively small sample volumes, making them suitable for situations where sample availability is limited. This not only conserves resources but also accommodates the analysis of precious or rare samples.
- Gas Sampling: GC detectors are well-suited for gas-phase analysis, which is important in fields like environmental monitoring, where the detection of gases and volatile organic compounds is essential for assessing air quality.
- Robust and Low Maintenance: Many GC detectors are known for their robustness and minimal maintenance requirements. They can withstand extended periods of operation without significant performance degradation.
- Compatibility: GC detectors are compatible with a wide range of sample introduction techniques, including headspace sampling, purge and trap, and liquid injection, which enhances their versatility in accommodating various sample types.
- Research and Development: In research and development settings, GC detectors aid in the development of new materials, processes, and products. They contribute to innovation by providing valuable insights into the composition of substances.
- Regulatory Compliance: In industries with strict regulatory requirements, GC detectors play a critical role in ensuring compliance. They help verify the safety and quality of products and environmental conditions.
- Cost-Effective: GC detectors offer cost-effective analytical solutions, as they require minimal consumables and maintenance, reducing long-term operational expenses.
- Versatile Detectors: Different types of detectors are available for specific applications. For instance, flame ionization detectors (FID) are ideal for hydrocarbons, while electron capture detectors (ECD) excel in detecting electron-absorbing compounds like chlorinated pesticides.
- Research and Innovation: GC detectors drive research and innovation in analytical science by enabling scientists to explore new compounds, develop advanced analytical methods, and make discoveries in various fields.
- Environmental Impact: By providing precise analytical data, GC detectors contribute to environmental impact assessments and support efforts to mitigate pollution and ensure sustainable practices.